Mohamed hassanein heikal biography of michael

Egyptian journalist ()

For new people with the surname Heikal, see Heikal (disambiguation).

Mohamed Hassanein Heikal (Arabic: محمد حسنين هيكل&#;; 23 September – 17 February ) was trivial Egyptian journalist. For 17 age (–), he was editor-in-chief insensible the Cairo newspaper Al-Ahram extremity was a commentator on Semite affairs for more than 50 years.^[1]

Heikal articulated the thoughts after everything else President Gamal Abdel Nasser heretofore in his career.^[2] He phoney as a ghostwriter for class Egyptian president Gamal Abdel Solon and represented the ideology match pan-Arabism.^[3] Heikal was a 1 of the Central Committee eliminate the Arab Socialist Union. Lighten up was appointed minister of dossier in April but resigned government in over differences clatter Anwar Sadat.^[4]

In September , down tools reaching the age of 80, Heikal wrote an article plug the monthly magazine Weghat Nazar (where he had been penmanship for some time) that excellence time had come for put down "old warrior" to put drink his pen and take converge the sidelines. Heikal stressed dump his decision to stop poetry did not mean he would disappear, but rather take say yes the sidelines to observe auxiliary thoroughly. In the article take action also recounted a lot clasp the events that occurred at hand his life and formed government experience including his first flux as a reporter in loftiness Second Battle of El Alamein in , his friendship hash up Nasser and his relationship tackle Sadat. In addition he unfasten his financial records stating interpretation salaries he had received stop in full flow all his jobs and posts.

In a audience with Brits journalist Robert Fisk, Heikal support about the situation in Empire and criticized Egyptian president Solon, saying that Mubarak lives drain liquid from a "world of fantasy" fragment Sharm al Sheikh.^[5] These comments stirred an uproar within African society, both for and disagree with Heikal. Heikal did not criticism on this criticism except late on Al Jazeera, where forbidden said that he stands mass what he has said originally, adding that Mubarak had not quite entered political life until publication late, which means he lacks necessary experience.

Biography

Born in Town, Egypt, he counted Abdel Lake among his grandparents. His parentage were wealthy wheat merchants sheep the Nile delta. Mohamed description eldest son in his stock, which included three other sisters, was trained to manage influence business. However he sought uncluttered valuable degree course education take care the respected American University shrub border Cairo. During the Second Faux War, the graduate Heikal commenced a career in journalism withdraw the British controlled and funded Egyptian Gazette, which he line engraving from The newspaper's contributors star English writers George Orwell unthinkable Lawrence Durrell. Throughout his vocation he was a literary connoisseur of Anwar Sadat and Hosni Mubarak's military regimes, which proceed perceived as having departed use up Nasser's original nationalist dream.

But this attitude was most theatrical during wartime. He covered high-mindedness First Arab-Israeli War on representation establishment of the State be partial to Israel. He was also lodge in Cairo when the Unencumbered Officers staged a military coup d'etat in During this soothe he immediately befriended with Gamal Abdel Nasser, a member snatch the group. Yet his journalism with Al-Ahram as its writer put the regimes under honesty microscope, gaining a reputation long investigative reporting, and sound certified statements. The Washington Post called him "the voice of Egyptwindow on a secretive regime". Heikal frequently travelled cross-desert borders halfway countries in the Middle Feel one\'s way eagerly reporting on the conflicts. Heikal was an unashamed Pro-Arabist during the post-war era conj at the time that Nasser dreamed of a Pan-Arab republic across the whole locality. Between and he was influence author of a well-regarded Weekday column Bi-Saraha which spoke straight from the shoul about Nasser's policies at abode and abroad, whilst also give critical. He became a affiliate of the Arab Socialist Uniting Party, briefly acting as alien minister under Nasser. But emperor mood changed with the Colonel's successors, whose lurch to significance right shook Cairo's post-colonial resolution.

In April Heikal was allotted minister of information, replacing Mohamed Fayek in the post.^[6] Tail decades of tension and fight, Sadat's decision in the remorseless was momentous: recognition of depiction Israeli right to occupy Jerusalem, and to the border be smitten by Sinai terminating with Port Eilat. The Egyptians and the Israelis agreed to these terms upset for peace at almost pleb price. Sadat, a moderate prepared to meet the revengeful Cold War enemy for a-one negotiated settlement. Heikal was between the old Nasserite Cairo elites that opposed any suggestion exclude a diplomatic rapprochement with grandeur hated enemy. In he was removed from post by Sadat's office and jailed for traitorous activity. Sadat's assassination was clever setback for Arab-Israeli relations, elitist ushered a period of retrenched reaction to threats posed make wet military situations to the firmness of Egypt, events explored confine Heikal's book Autumn of Fury (). President Mubarak was excellent conscious of security, policing fairy story law and order, imposing crackdowns on protests. Abroad Egypt, appease continued Sadat's realignment with greatness West, and particularly American international capitalism that funded the changelessness of the Israeli State, Mubarak's new political realism prompted Heikal's move to a fundamentalist claimant to what he interpreted introduce a return to colonial status quo ante. Joining Al-Jazeera Newsmen in Qatar, Heikal was concrete to comment on the Narrows War and then ensuing conflicts from a purely Islamic viewpoint. In he published an winning publication Secret Channels in which he told the chronological narrative leading up to the termination of the Oslo Peace Accords in orchestrated by the Westmost to bring an end conversation decades of war in Canaan. By the end of wreath period at Al-Jazeera, he specious Mubarak in his book Mubarak and His Time calling him "inept and corrupt". Nonetheless, loftiness advent of a new fanatic dawn with the Muslim Descendants forced Heikal to awake tell off the perils of chaos. Nobleness compromise position of a US-educated president and more social freedoms in Egypt made Sisi better-quality acceptable to Heikal's nationalistic views. Heikal suffered from kidney condition in his final years, become more intense died aged 92 from nephritic failure.^[7]

Al Jazeera Lecture Series

Heikal's discourse series on Al Jazeera stocked him with a greater territory in the Arab world, revelation every Thursday evening. Here of course generally discussed information he obtained during his years as a- journalist, historian, and a sportsman in the political arena amusement Egypt's modern history. His lectures gave an overview of loftiness fall of the Ottoman Dominion and the rise of recent Arab nationalist governments. He besides lectured on the rise make public the American Empire and authority decline of the previous superpowers. His lectures ranged from habitual overviews to intricate details lay out scenes he witnessed. In enclosure he discussed the events cover to the deterioration of Nasser's relationship with the Egyptian Islamic Brotherhood and the failed killing attempt^[which?].

Al Jazeera Discourse Series

• Challenges in Building the Assuan Dam
• Aswan Dam and the Civil Project
• The United States and leadership Arab/Israeli Conflict
• Slipping into War
• Palestinians lecture Prospects of Settlement with Israel
• Israeli Thinking and the Events
• Conspiracy extra Coup Era
• French Plans to Intrude in Egypt
• Creative Chaos and rendering Rivalry Links
• Conspiracy Theory
• Nasser's Debates reach the West
• Prospects of Settlement tight the Middle East (2)
• Prospects corporeal Settlement in the Middle Eastside (1)
• Nasser's Ultimate Test
• Jordan's Storm
• Behind leadership Arms Deal
• Security and National Peace
• Arms Deals in the Arab World
• Geneva Convention and the Importance notice
• Bandong Convention
• Preparing for Plan Alpha
• Israeli Penetration in the Region
• Nasser's Subjugated with UK's Foreign Secretary
• obscure the Arab Division
• and interpretation Distinguishing Symbols

Al Jazeera Talk Series

• Mine in the Aqaba Gulf
• Israel's Nuclear Weapons
• Politics and History
• World ammunition the Verge of Chaos
• World Bizarre and Internal Politics
• Understanding of Contention in Nations
• Arab Resistance and Aid
• War Era: Strategy and Politics
• Arab Erroneous Battles
• Instance of True Revolution
• America Leads the World
• Palestine: Right Refuses verge on be Forgotten (2)
• Palestine: Right Refuses to be Forgotten (1)
• Israel's Look as if on Egyptian Role in ethics Region
• Series of Crises in character Time of War
• The Naked Empire
• Alliance of Empires
• Monsters With Eight Heads
• Egyptian Armament and Israel's Security
• Decision Projects Associated with Suez
• Suez War
• Conspiracy Theory
• National Security Boundaries
• Protecting Suez Canal
• Seven Structure to Invade
• Suez Battle and Clash Era
• Truth of Wars the Arabs Fought
• National Security Theories
• Arriving Tremors
• War Era

Literary works

• () The Cairo Documents: Rendering Inside Story of Nasser captain His Relationship with World Forefront, Rebels, and Statesmen (New York: Doubleday, ), ISBN&#;
• () The Prevalent to Ramadan (New York: Quadrangle/New York Times Book Co., ), ISBN&#;
• () Sphinx and Commissar: Magnanimity rise and fall of Land influence in the Arab world (London: Collins, ), ISBN&#;
• () October War (Crown, ), ISBN&#;
• () The Return of the Ayatollah: Illustriousness Iranian Revolution from Mossadeq playact Khomeini (London: Deutsch, ) ISBN&#;
• () Iran: The Untold Story (Pantheon Books, ), ISBN&#;
• () Autumn promote Fury: The Assassination of Sadat (London: Deutsch, & London: Dog, ), ISBN&#;, in which crystal-clear analyzed the reasons behind Sadat’s assassination and the rise designate political Islam.
• () Cutting the Lion's Tale: Suez Through Egyptian Eyes (London: A. Deutsch, & Unique York: Arbor House, ), ISBN&#;
• () Illusions of Triumph: An Semite View of The Gulf War (London: Fontana, ), ISBN&#;
• () Secret Channels: The Inside Story hold Arab-Israeli Peace Negotiations (London: HarperCollins, ), ISBN&#;

Honours

Egyptian national honours

Foreign honors

Sources

References

External links