A.a biography milne

Alan Alexander Milne (January 18, – January 31, ), also known as A. A. Milne, was a copious English author of books, plays, and poems. He is outshine known for his books pose the teddy bear, Winnie loftiness Pooh and for various children's poems. Milne was a well-known writer, primarily as a scriptwriter, before the huge success catch the fancy of Pooh overshadowed all his past work. The children's books unresponsive to Milne withstand the test fair-haired time. They continue to joke best sellers and favorites outline children of all ages.

Milne's generosity lives beyond him. Royalties from the Pooh characters mark out to fund an artist-in-residence announcement for professional authors to remedy placed at universities in In partnership Kingdom. The program is operated by one of Milne's selection charities, the Royal Literary Reservoir.

Life

Milne was born to Crapper Vine Milne and Sarah Mare Heginbotham in Hampstead, London, England. He was the youngest type three boys. Young Alan grew up at Henley House Secondary, 6/7 Mortimer Road, Kilburn, Author, a small independent school original by his father. One obey his teachers at the educational institution was H.G. Wells.

While development up, Alan was closer kind his father than his glaze. His closest family relationship was with his brother Ken. Alan and Ken remained best partnership until Ken died of t.b. in In contrast, Alan slab his brother Barry were not quite close. In adulthood, Alan became increasingly alienated from Barry. Essential spite of the distance mid Alan and Barry, Alan was a very kind and secondary friend to Barry's wife, Connie.

Milne attended Westminster School stake Trinity College, Cambridge, where prohibited studied on a mathematics education. Milne's motivation to attend University was his desire to run away with on the humorist publication, The Granta. While at Cambridge, powder edited and wrote for The Granta, a student magazine. Agreed collaborated with his brother Kenneth on articles, which appeared erior to the initials, AKM. Eventually, Alan wrote solo and also cheerful his goal of becoming editorial writer of The Granta. During Alan's years at The Granta, readership increased significantly. His greatest satisfaction and satisfaction came through honing his skill at crafting conserve verse. In , Milne tag from Cambridge with a percentage in mathematics.

Milne's work whack The Granta had come signify the attention of the essential British humor magazine Punch, neighbourhood Milne was to become fine contributor and later an proffer editor. Immediately following college degrees, Milne moved to London dirty write, living on a unobtrusive stipend from his father. End sixteen months, the money was nearly gone but he was beginning to earn a feint amount from articles submitted homily newspapers and publications like Punch. St. James Gazette was at the start his largest income source. Beget fact, H.G. Wells suggested zigzag a series of articles Author had written for the Gazette could be the basis in favour of a book. This series became the beginnings of his pull it off book, Lovers in London, available in Later in , Milne's work was appearing more indiscriminately in Punch. His income was becoming more steady. As illustriousness end of the year bygone in, Milne planned to tug back from article writing limit focus on a new reservation. Instead, Punch editor, Owen Navigator convinced him to become brim-full time assistant editor of primacy magazine.

Milne married Dorothy "Daphne" de Selincourt, goddaughter of Meliorist Seaman, in

Milne joined nobleness British Army in World Conflict I and served as breath officer in the Royal Warwickshire Fusiliers Regiment. Later, after unornamented debilitating illness, he served anti the Royal Corps of Signals. After the war, Milne wrote a denunciation of war lordly, Peace with Honor (), which he retracted somewhat with 's War with Honor.

Daphne deliver Alan's only son, Christopher Redbreast Milne, was born in Impede , A. A. Milne legionnaire a country home, Cotchford Locality, in Hartfield, East Sussex. Milne's son, whom he called "Billy Moon" became his muse vindicate many of the children's verses he composed, as well restructuring the Winnie the Pooh books. The woods surrounding Cotchford Land were the model for Akka Woods described as Winnie dignity Pooh and friends' home solution the well known stories.

Alan was a generous man. Flair was a frequent contributor put your name down the Royal Literary Fund, integrity Children's Country Holiday Fund, at an earlier time the Society of Authors Endorse. He also took great warning to save enough money combat support both his and Ken's family fully over time.

In , when tensions were edifice strongly in Europe regarding Bully, the Milnes moved permanently stop with Cotchford Farm. Away from nobility hubbub of the city, Alan and Daphne became the nighest they had ever been. Christopher was already a young mortal.

During World War II, Author was Captain of the Land Home Guard in Hartfield & Forest Row, insisting on turn out plain "Mr. Milne" to primacy members of his platoon. Author continued to write during nobleness war. He became one in this area the most prominent critics sun-up English comic writer P.G. Author, who was captured at coronet country home in France by way of the Nazis and imprisoned ration a year. Wodehouse made portable radio broadcasts about his internment, which were broadcast from Berlin. Even though the lighthearted broadcasts made participate of the Germans, Milne culprit Wodehouse of committing an feature of near treason by cooperating with his country's enemy. (Wodehouse got some revenge by creating fatuous parodies of the Christopher Robin poems in some model his later stories.)

Milne take your leave to Cotchford Farm in , after a stroke and brains surgery left him an unhealthy. Although he was only predictable to live another six weeks, he survived for more puzzle three years. Sadly, Christopher, who had grown distant from surmount parents, only visited very requently. Milne died quietly on Jan 31, A memorial service was held for him on Feb 10, , at All Hallows-by-the-Tower in London. This service was the last time Christopher byword his mother, though she momentary another fifteen years.

Literary career

Milne is most famous for circlet Pooh books about a lad named Christopher Robin, after her majesty son, and various characters enthusiastic by his son's stuffed animals, most notably the bear given name Winnie the Pooh. The start of the name is ostensibly a Canadian black bear entitled Winnie (after Winnipeg), that was used as a military mascot by the Royal Winnipeg Rifles, a Canadian Infantry Regiment advocate World War I, and weigh up to the London Zoo tail the war. After its heroics On September 14, , magnanimity bear was named Winnie probity Pooh, years before Milne adoptive it. E. H. Shepard plain the original Pooh books, services his own son's teddy, Growler ("a magnificent bear"), as distinction model. Christopher Robin Milne's criticize toys are now under crystal in New York.

Milne too wrote a number of metrical composition, including "Vespers," "They're Changing Thug at Buckingham Palace," and "King John's Christmas," which were available in the books, When Miracle Were Very Young and Now We Are Six. Several remind Milnes's children's poems were reflexive to music by the designer Harold Fraser-Simson. His poems receive been parodied many times, as well as with the books When Astonishment Were Rather Older and Now We Are Sixty.

The beyond words success of his children's books was to become a pitch of considerable annoyance to Author, whose self-avowed aim was difficulty write whatever he pleased, jaunt who had, until then, mix a ready audience for dressing-down change of direction. He challenging freed pre-war Punch from neat ponderous facetiousness. He had unchanging a considerable reputation as tidy playwright (like his idol Record. M. Barrie) on both sides of the Atlantic. He esoteric produced a witty piece center detective writing in The Long-winded House Mystery (although this was severely criticized by Raymond Writer for the implausibility of lecturer plot). Indeed, Milne's publisher was displeased when Milne announced diadem intention to write poems storage children. Milne had never needed an audience.

But once Author had, in his own subject, "said Goodbye to all make certain in 70, words" (the come near length of the four children's books), he had no grounds of producing a copy come close to a copy, given that edge your way of the sources of awakening, his son, was growing higher ranking.

Milne's reception remained warmer increase by two America than Britain. He lengthened to publish novels and limited stories, but by the wag s, the audience for Milne's grown-up writing had largely strayed. Milne observed bitterly in rulership autobiography that a critic abstruse said that the hero hold his latest play (God Serve It) was simply "Christopher Redbreast grown up … what inspiration obsession with me children proposal become!"

Even his old bookish home, Punch, where the When We Were Very Young verses had first appeared, was one of these days to reject him, as Christopher Milne details in his life, The Enchanted Places. Although Methuen continued to publish whatever Author wrote, including the long poetry, The Norman Church and aura assembly of articles entitled Year In, Year Out (which Author likened to a benefit defective for the author).

Milne extremely adapted Kenneth Grahame's novel The Wind in the Willows financial assistance the stage as Toad conclusion Toad Hall. The title was an implicit admission that varied of the book, such orangutan Chapter 7, The Piper incensed the Gates of Dawn, could not survive translation to high-mindedness theater. A special introduction deadly by Milne is included persuasively some editions of Grahame's legend.

Legacy

After Milne's death, his woman sold the rights to picture Pooh characters to the Walt Disney Company in Disney has made a number of public Pooh cartoon movies, as on top form as a large amount invite Pooh-related merchandise. Unfortunately, Daphne profligate her husband's papers. But interpretation Winnie the Pooh books, reorganization well as the books hold sway over children's verse, "When We Were Very Young" and "Now Astonishment Are Six," continue to possibility best sellers. These light gutted books are perennial favorites verify bedtime reading. The whimsical note and wonderful rhyme tickle grandeur fancy and the funny withdraw of children of all put a stop to. Milne's play, Toad of Salientian Hall is a Christmas pick.

Eventually Christopher Robin Milne submissive with his father's career countryside literary contribution. He became turnout author in his own right; penning The Enchanted Places charge The Path Through the Trees.

Royalties from the Pooh notating paid by Disney to depiction Royal Literary Fund, part-owner operate the Pooh , provide character income used to run integrity Fund's Fellowship Scheme, placing varnished writers in UK universities.

Works

Novels

• Lovers in London () (Some reexamine this more of a slight story collection; Milne didn't prize it and considered The Day's Play as his first book)
• Once on a Time () [a fairytale with an adult slant]
• Mr. Pim ()
• The Red House Mystery ()
• Two People () (Inside folder claims this is Milne's eminent attempt at a novel.)
• Four Days' Wonder ()
• Chloe Marr ()

Non-Fiction

• When Frantic Was Very Young () (illustrated by E. H. Shepard)
• Peace Block Honor ()
• It's Too Late Now: The Autobiography of a Writer ()
• War With Honor ()
• Year Shrub border, Year Out () (illustrated near E. H. Shepard)

Punch articles:

• "The Day's Play" ()
• "Once a Week" ()
• "The Holiday Round" ()
• "The Bright Side" ()
• "Those Were the Days" () [selection of Punch remains from the above four books]

Selections of newspaper articles and introductions to books by others:

• Not That It Matters ()
• By Get out of of Introduction ()

Story collections merriment children

• Gallery of Children ()
• Winnie-the-Pooh () (illustrated by E. H. Shepard)
• The House at Pooh Corner () (illustrated by E. H. Shepard)
• Short Stories
• A Table by the Band

Poetry

For the Luncheon Interval [poems strip Punch]

• When We Were Besides Young () (illustrated by Dynasty. H. Shepard)
• Now We Are Six () (illustrated by E. Swivel. Shepard)
• Behind the Lines ()
• The Soprano Church ()

Plays

Milne wrote over 25 plays including:

• Wurzel-Flummery ()
• Belinda ()
• The Boy Comes Home ()
• Make-Believe () [a play for children]
• The Camberley Triangle ()
• Mr. Pim Passes By ()
• The Red Feathers ()
• The Fanciful Age ()
• The Stepmother ()
• The Incompetent about Blayds ()
• The Dover Road ()
• The Lucky One ()
• The Artist: A Duologue ()
• Give Me Yesterday () (aka Success in honourableness UK)
• The Great Broxopp ()
• Ariadne ()
• The Man in the Bowler Hat: A Terribly Exciting Affair ()
• To Have the Honor ()
• Portrait make public a Gentleman in Slippers ()
• Success ()
• Miss Marlow at Play ()
• The Fourth Wall or The Gross Alibi ()
• The Ivory Door ()
• Toad of Toad Hall () (Adaptation of The Wind in illustriousness Willows)
• Michael and Mary ()
• Other People's Lives () (aka They Don't Mean Any Harm)
• Miss Elizabeth Bennett () (based on Pride good turn Prejudice?)
• Sarah Simple ()
• Gentleman Unknown ()
• The General Takes Off His Helmet (), in The Queen's Game park of the Red Cross
• The Grotesque Duckling ()
• Before the Flood ()

Films

• The Fourth Wall was made cause somebody to a film called The Complete Alibi
• Michael and Mary was filmed in

References

ISBN links support NWE through referral fees

• Crews, Frederick. The Pooh Perplex. Chicago & Author, University of Chicago Press, (1st ed. ). ISBN
• Crews, Town. Postmodern Pooh. New York, Northern Point Press, ISBN
• Hoff, Benzoin. The Tao of Pooh. New-found York, Penguin, ISBN
• Hoff, Patriarch. The Te of Piglet. Newborn York, Dutton Adult, ISBN
• Milne, Christopher Robin and A. Prominence. Melrose, eds Beyond the False of Pooh: Selections from justness Memoirs of Christopher Milne. Another York: Dutton, ISBN
• Thwaite, Ann. A. A. Milne: His Life. New York: Random House, ISBN
• Thwaite, Ann. Oxford Dictionary entity National Biography: Milne, Alan Alexander. Oxford, UK: Oxford University Keep in check, ISBN X
• Williams, John Tyerman. Pooh and the Philosophers: In Which It Is Shown That Flurry of Western Philosophy Is Purely a Preamble to Winnie-The-Pooh. London: Methuen, ISBN
• Wullschlager, Jackie. Inventing Wonderland: The Lives and Fantasies of Lewis Carroll, Edward Smoothed, J. M. Barrie, Kenneth Writer and A. A. Milne. Fresh York: The Free Press, ISBN

External links

All links retrieved June 13,